1.1 Historical Background
    1.1.1 Revolutionary War/Articles of Confederation
    1.1.2 Philadelphia Convention
    1.1.3 Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations
  1.2 Organization
  1.3 Founder's Intent
    1.3.1 The Federalist Papers
  1.4 Source of Rights
  1.5 Initial Strengths and Weaknesses
  1.6 Essence of Its Genius
  1.7 The Amendment Power
  1.8 Annotated Constitution

  2.1 Qualifications/Elections
    2.1.1 The Lame Duck Amendment (Am. 20)
  2.2 Two Party System
    2.2.1 The Difference between Democrats and Republicans
    2.2.2 The Effect of News Media on Politics
    2.2.3 The Effect of Polls on Politics
  2.3 Census & Districting
  2.4 Filling Vacancies
  2.5 Salaries & Benefits
    2.5.1 Intervening Election Before Pay Increase (Am. 27)
  2.6 Taxing Power
  2.7 Regulate Commerce
  2.8 Declaring War
  2.9 Investigative and Subpoena Powers
  2.10 Public and Individual Laws
  2.11 Bankruptcy Laws
  2.12 Necessary & Proper Powers
  2.13 Appropriations
  2.14 Post Office
  2.15 Roads
  2.16 Parks
  2.17 Coin Money
  2.18 Senate and House Rules
  2.19 Speaker of the House
  2.20 President Pro Tempor
  2.21 Immigration
  2.22 Copyrights and Patents

  3.1 Qualifications/Elections
    3.1.1 Separate Ballots for Pres. & V. Pres. (Am. 12)
    3.1.2 Lame Duck Amendment (Am. 20)
    3.1.3 Two Term Limit (Am. 22)
  3.2 Filling Vacancies (Am. 25)
  3.3 Impeachment
  3.4 Nominations & Appointments
  3.5 Executive Orders
    3.5.1 War Powers
    3.5.2 Martial Law
  3.6 Eminent Domain
  3.7 Pardons
  3.8 Line-Item Veto
  3.9 Executive Privilege
  3.10 Commander in Chief

  4.1 Defining Its Power
  4.2 Stare Decisis

  5.1 Delegation of Powers
  5.2 Executive Agencies
  5.3 Independent Agencies
  5.4 Congressional Agencies
  5.5 Judicial Agencies

  6.1 Sovereignty of States (Am. 10 & Am. 11)
  6.2 Government of Limited Powers (Am. 10)
  6.3 Full Faith and Credit Clause (Article IV)
  6.4 Enhanced Empowerment of Federal Government (Am. 16)

  7.1 Treaties
  7.2 Trade
  7.3 Rules of War
  7.4 International Organizations
  7.5 Defending Friends vs. Policing the World
  7.6 Relations with Specific Countries
  7.7 International Terrorism

  8.1 Privileges & Immunities Clause
  8.2 Due Process Clause
    8.2.1 Substantive Due Process
    8.2.2 Selective Incorporation of Bill of Rights
  8.3 Equal Protection Clause
  8.4 Enforcement Clause (civil rights & anti-discrimination laws)     8.4.1 Section 1981 and 1983 Actions
    8.4.2 Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
    8.4.3 Title IX of the Ed. Amendments of 1972
    8.4.4 Americans with Disabilities Act
    8.4.5 Protected Classes
    8.4.6 Affirmative Action

  9.1 Freedom of Speech
    9.1.1 What Is Not Protected Speech?
      9.1.1.1 Sedition
      9.1.1.2 Inciting Violence
      9.1.1.3 Defamation
      9.1.1.4 Obscenity
      9.1.1.5 Aiding and Abetting a Crime
    9.1.2 Limits on Protected Speech
      9.1.2.1 Time, Place & Manner Limitations
      9.1.2.2 Overbreadth
      9.1.2.3 Prior Censorship
      9.1.2.4 Pornography
        9.1.2.4.1 Children
    9.1.3 Expressive Association
    9.1.4 Campaign Finance Laws
    9.1.5 Hate Crime Laws
    9.1.6 Conduct and Speech Combined
    9.1.7 Offensive Speech
  9.2 No Governmental Establishment of Religion
  9.3 Right of Free Exercise of Religion
  9.4 Right to Peaceably Assemble
  9.5 Right to Petition Government
  9.6 Freedom of Association

  10.1 Exclusionary Rule
  10.4 4th Amendment
    10.4.1 Protection from Warrantless Searches
    10.4.2 Requirement of Probable Cause for Warrant
  10.5 5th Amendment
    10.5.1 Right to Indictment
    10.5.2 Protection from Double Jeopardy
    10.5.3 Protection against Self-incrimination
    10.5.4 Right to Due Process
    10.5.5 Right to Compensation in Eminent Domain
  10.6 6th Amendment
    10.6.1 Right to a Speedy, Public Trial
    10.6.2 Right to a Trial by Jury
    10.6.3 Right to Be Informed of Charges
    10.6.4 Right to Confront Witnesses
    10.6.5 Right to Subpoena Witnesses
    10.6.6 Right to Counsel
  10.8 8th Amendment
    10.8.1 Right to Bail
    10.8.2 Protection from Cruel & Unusual Punishment

  11.1 Initial Limitations
  11.2 Franchise Given to Blacks (Am. 15)
  11.3 Popular Vote for Senators (Am. 17)
  11.4 Franchise Given to Women (Am. 19)
  11.5 Limited Franchise for D. C. Residents (Am. 23)
  11.6 Poll Tax Abolished (Am. 24)
  11.7 Franchise Given to 18-Year-Olds (Am. 26)

  12.1 The Right to Bear Arms (Am. 2)
  12.2 Slavery Abolished (Am. 13)
  12.3 Prohibition Established (Am. 18) and Repealed (Am. 21)

  13.1 Substantive Due Process Rights
  13.2 Fundamental Rights
  13.3 Right to Privacy
    13.3.1 Origins of the Right to Privacy
    13.3.2 The Roe v. Wade Case
    13.3.3 Gay Rights
  13.4 Right to Personal Property
  13.5 Right to Choose One's Own Business or Profession